（1）柔性高尤其适合小批量的三维钣金切割。

(1) High flexibility, especially suitable for small batch 3D sheet metal cutting.

其高柔性主要表现在两个方面：

Its high flexibility is mainly manifested in two aspects:

，对材料的适应性强，激光切割机通过数控程序基本可以切割任意板材。

Firstly, it has strong adaptability to materials, and laser cutting machines can basically cut any sheet metal through CNC programs.

第二，加工路径由程序控制，如果加工对象发生变化，只须修改程序即可，这一点在零件修边、切孔时体现得尤为明显。由于修边模、冲孔模对其他不同零件的加工无能为力，而且模具的成本高，所以目前三维激光切割有取代修边模、冲孔模的趋势。一般来说，三维机械加工的夹具设计及其使用比较复杂，但激光加工时对被加工板材不施加机械加工力，这使得夹具制作变得很简单。此外，一台激光设备如果配套不同的硬件和软件，就可以实现多种功能。

Secondly, the machining path is controlled by the program. If the machining object changes, only the program needs to be modified, which is particularly evident during part trimming and hole cutting. Due to the inability of trimming and punching molds to process other different parts and the high cost of molds, there is currently a trend for 3D laser cutting to replace trimming and punching molds. Generally speaking, the design and use of fixtures for 3D mechanical processing are relatively complex, but during laser processing, no mechanical processing force is applied to the processed sheet metal, making fixture production very simple. In addition, if a laser device is equipped with different hardware and software, it can achieve multiple functions.

总之，在实际生产中，三维激光切割在提高产品质量、生产效率，缩短产品开发周期、降低劳动强度、节省原材料等方面优势明显。因此，尽管设备成本高、一次性投资大，国内还是有很多汽车、飞机生产厂家购进了三维激光加工机，部分高校也购进了相应设备进行科研，三维激光技术势必在我国制造业中发挥着越来越大的作用。

In practical production, 3D laser cutting has obvious advantages in improving product quality, production efficiency, shortening product development cycles, reducing labor intensity, and saving raw materials. Therefore, despite high equipment costs and large one-time investments, many domestic automobile and aircraft manufacturers have purchased 3D laser processing machines, and some universities have also purchased corresponding equipment for scientific research. 3D laser technology is bound to play an increasingly important role in China's manufacturing industry.

（2）光纤激光切割机器人优缺点，用工业机器人代替五轴机床，两者都能进行空间轨迹描述实现三维立体切割。工业机器人的重复定位精度比五轴机床稍低，约为±100μm，但这完全可以满足汽车钣金覆盖件和底盘行业的精度要求；而采用工业机器人大大降低了系统的成本造价，减少了耗电系统费用和系统运行维护费用，减少了系统的占地面积。

(2) The first advantage and disadvantage of fiber laser cutting robots is the use of industrial robots instead of five axis machine tools, both of which can perform spatial trajectory description to achieve three-dimensional cutting. The repeated positioning accuracy of industrial robots is slightly lower than that of five axis machine tools, about ± 100 μ m. But this can fully meet the precision requirements of the automotive sheet metal covering parts and chassis industry; The use of industrial robots greatly reduces the cost of the system, reduces the cost of power consumption and system operation and maintenance, and reduces the footprint of the system.

第二，光纤激光相比传统激光，具有更好的切割质量，更低的系统造价，更长的使用寿命和更低的维护费用，更低的耗电。关键是光纤激光器的激光可以通过光纤传输，方便与工业机器人连接，实现柔性加工。

Secondly, compared to traditional lasers, fiber laser has better cutting quality, lower system cost, longer service life, lower maintenance costs, and lower power consumption. The key is that the laser of the fiber laser can be transmitted through the fiber, making it convenient to connect with industrial robots and achieve flexible processing.

第三，本系统的缺陷是只能加工金属工件，不能加工非金属工件。这是因为本系统采用的是光纤激光，其波长为1064nm，相对于波长为10640nm的CO2激光，不易为非金属材料所吸收。

Thirdly, the only drawback of this system is that it can only process metal workpieces and cannot process non-metallic workpieces. This is because this system uses fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064nm, which is less easily absorbed by non-metallic materials compared to CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10640nm.

第四，采用工业机器人＋光纤激光器的组合进行加工，修边冲孔等工艺一次完成，切口整齐无需后道工艺再处理，这样既大大缩短了工艺流程，降低了人工成本和模具费用的投入，也提高了产品档次和附加值。选配离线编程软件，通过数值模拟直接生成切割轨迹，抛弃了繁杂的人工示教，更加适合小批量多批次的维修市场、新品试制和非标定制等个性化的切割需求。三种加工方式对比如附表所示。

Fourthly, a combination of industrial robots and fiber lasers is used for processing, and processes such as trimming and punching are completed in one go. The incisions are neat and do not require further processing. This not only greatly shortens the process flow, reduces labor and mold costs, but also improves product grade and added value. Optional offline programming software is equipped to directly generate cutting trajectories through numerical simulation, eliminating the tedious manual teaching and making it more suitable for personalized cutting needs such as small batch and multi batch maintenance markets, new product trial production, and non-standard customization. The comparison of the three processing methods is shown in the attached table.

第五，光纤激光技术与数字控制技术融合，代表着的激光切割水平；的激光切割机控制系统，电脑操作，能够保证切割质量，使切割工作更方便，操作更简单；配置智能机械手，可实现三维立体切割，操控方便，智能化程度高，保证设备的高速度、高精度、高可靠性；激光切割头配置进口激光切割头，反应灵敏、准确，与机械手有效配合，可避免切割头与加工板材碰撞，并能保证切割焦点位置，保证切割质量稳定；激光切割头可承受1.0MPa气体压力，高压气路设备，提高了对不锈钢等难切割材料的切割能力。

Fifth, the perfect integration of advanced fiber laser technology and digital control technology represents the advanced level of laser cutting; A professional laser cutting machine control system, computer operated, can ensure cutting quality, making cutting work more convenient and operation simpler; Equipped with an intelligent robotic arm, it can achieve three-dimensional cutting with convenient operation and high degree of intelligence, ensuring high speed, precision, and reliability of the equipment; The laser cutting head is equipped with an imported laser cutting head, which is sensitive and accurate in response, and effectively cooperates with the mechanical arm to avoid collision between the cutting head and the processed board. It can also ensure the position of the cutting focus and stable cutting quality; The laser cutting head can withstand a gas pressure of 1.0MPa, and the high-pressure gas path equipment improves the cutting ability of difficult to cut materials such as stainless steel.

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